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Nginx訪問日志及錯(cuò)誤日志參數(shù)說明

說明：

nginx日志主要有兩種：訪問日志、錯(cuò)誤日志。其中訪問日志記錄客戶端訪問nginx的每一個(gè)請(qǐng)求，包含用戶地域來源、跳轉(zhuǎn)來源、使用終端、某個(gè)URL訪問量等信息，訪問日志格式可以自定義；錯(cuò)誤日志則記錄客戶端訪問nginx出錯(cuò)時(shí)的日志，格式不支持自定義，通過錯(cuò)誤日志，你可以得到系統(tǒng)某個(gè)服務(wù)或server的性能瓶頸等。兩種日志都可以選擇性關(guān)閉。

訪問日志[Access.log]

log_format main ‘$remote_addr $remote_user [$time_local] “$request” $http_host ‘
‘$status $upstream_status $body_bytes_sent “$http_referer” ‘
‘”$http_user_agent” $ssl_protocol $ssl_cipher $upstream_addr ‘
‘$request_time $upstream_response_time';

變量名稱	變量描述	舉例說明
$remote_addr	客戶端地址	113.140.15.90
$remote_user	客戶端用戶名稱	–
$time_local	訪問時(shí)間和時(shí)區(qū)	18/Jul/2012:17:00:01 +0800
$request	請(qǐng)求的URI和HTTP協(xié)議	“GET /pa/img/home/logo-alipay-t.png HTTP/1.1”
$http_host	請(qǐng)求地址，即瀏覽器中你輸入的地址（IP或域名）	img.alipay.com 10.253.70.103
$status	HTTP請(qǐng)求狀態(tài)	200
$upstream_status	upstream狀態(tài)	200
$body_bytes_sent	發(fā)送給客戶端文件內(nèi)容大小	547
$http_referer	跳轉(zhuǎn)來源	“https://cashier.alipay.com…/”
$http_user_agent	用戶終端代理	“Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; SV1; GTB7.0; .NET4.0C;
$ssl_protocol	SSL協(xié)議版本	TLSv1
$ssl_cipher	交換數(shù)據(jù)中的算法	RC4-SHA
$upstream_addr	后臺(tái)upstream的地址，即真正提供服務(wù)的主機(jī)地址	10.228.35.247:80
$request_time	整個(gè)請(qǐng)求的總時(shí)間	0.205
$upstream_response_time	請(qǐng)求過程中，upstream響應(yīng)時(shí)間	0.002

線上實(shí)例：

116.9.137.90 – [02/Aug/2012:14:47:12 +0800] “GET /images/XX/20100324752729.png HTTP/1.1″img.alipay.com 200 200 2038 https://cashier.alipay.com/XX/PaymentResult.htm?payNo=XX&outBizNo=2012XX “Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; Tablet PC 2.0; 360SE)” TLSv1 AES128-SHA 10.228.21.237:80 0.198 0.001

線下測試（$http_referer）：

10.14.21.197 – – [14/Aug/2012:17:28:22 +0800] “GET /spanner/watch/v1?–db=ztg-1&–mode=compare&–index=status&–option=&–cluster=whole&-F=2012%2F8%2F12-00%3A00%3A00&-T=%2B2880&-i=1&-n=0&_=1344936501292 HTTP/1.1” 200 94193 “http://spanner.alipay.net/optionFrame/history.html” “Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/21.0.1180.60 Safari/537.1”

備注：$http_referer和重定向有關(guān)。

錯(cuò)誤日志[Error.log]

錯(cuò)誤信息	錯(cuò)誤說明
“upstream prematurely（過早的） closed connection”	請(qǐng)求uri的時(shí)候出現(xiàn)的異常，是由于upstream還未返回應(yīng)答給用戶時(shí)用戶斷掉連接造成的，對(duì)系統(tǒng)沒有影響，可以忽略
“recv() failed (104: Connection reset by peer)”	（1）服務(wù)器的并發(fā)連接數(shù)超過了其承載量，服務(wù)器會(huì)將其中一些連接Down掉；（2）客戶關(guān)掉了瀏覽器，而服務(wù)器還在給客戶端發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)；（3）瀏覽器端按了Stop
“(111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream”	用戶在連接時(shí)，若遇到后端upstream掛掉或者不通，會(huì)收到該錯(cuò)誤
“(111: Connection refused) while reading response header from upstream”	用戶在連接成功后讀取數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)，若遇到后端upstream掛掉或者不通，會(huì)收到該錯(cuò)誤
“(111: Connection refused) while sending request to upstream”	Nginx和upstream連接成功后發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)，若遇到后端upstream掛掉或者不通，會(huì)收到該錯(cuò)誤
“(110: Connection timed out) while connecting to upstream”	nginx連接后面的upstream時(shí)超時(shí)
“(110: Connection timed out) while reading upstream”	nginx讀取來自u(píng)pstream的響應(yīng)時(shí)超時(shí)
“(110: Connection timed out) while reading response header from upstream”	nginx讀取來自u(píng)pstream的響應(yīng)頭時(shí)超時(shí)
“(110: Connection timed out) while reading upstream”	nginx讀取來自u(píng)pstream的響應(yīng)時(shí)超時(shí)
“(104: Connection reset by peer) while connecting to upstream”	upstream發(fā)送了RST，將連接重置
“upstream sent invalid header while reading response header from upstream”	upstream發(fā)送的響應(yīng)頭無效
“upstream sent no valid HTTP/1.0 header while reading response header from upstream”	upstream發(fā)送的響應(yīng)頭無效
“client intended to send too large body”	用于設(shè)置允許接受的客戶端請(qǐng)求內(nèi)容的最大值，默認(rèn)值是1M，client發(fā)送的body超過了設(shè)置值
“reopening logs”	用戶發(fā)送kill -USR1命令
“gracefully shutting down”,	用戶發(fā)送kill -WINCH命令
“no servers are inside upstream”	upstream下未配置server
“no live upstreams while connecting to upstream”	upstream下的server全都掛了
“SSL_do_handshake() failed”	SSL握手失敗
“SSL_write() failed (SSL:) while sending to client”
“(13: Permission denied) while reading upstream”
“(98: Address already in use) while connecting to upstream”
“(99: Cannot assign requested address) while connecting to upstream”
“ngx_slab_alloc() failed: no memory in SSL session shared cache”	ssl_session_cache大小不夠等原因造成
“could not add new SSL session to the session cache while SSL handshaking”	ssl_session_cache大小不夠等原因造成
“send() failed (111: Connection refused)”

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