Linux Centos6.5 64bit下安裝oracle12c：
groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
mkdir -p /u01/oracle
useradd -g oinstall -G dba -d /u01/oracle oracle
（這里不是一定要把home目錄更改到/u01/oracle，默認(rèn)也可。）
把下面三個(gè)文件復(fù)制到 /u01/oracle目錄下
[root@oracle /]# cd /etc/skel/
[root@oracle skel]# ll -a
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 18 7月 18 2013 .bash_logout
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 176 7月 18 2013 .bash_profile
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 124 7月 18 2013 .bashrc
注：useradd添加用戶時(shí)，會(huì)自動(dòng)從這個(gè)目錄下的文件復(fù)制到用戶的家目錄
password oracle
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
chmod -R 775 /u01/
/*安裝vnc*/
yum -y install tigervnc-server
vncserver 回車
輸入密碼
ps -ef | grep vnc
vnc客戶端連接：ip:1
檢測(cè)是否有安裝以下程序：
binutils-2.17.50.0.6
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3 -
elfutils-libelf-0.125
elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125 -
elfutils-libelf-devel-static-0.125 -
gcc-4.1.2 -
gcc-c++-4.1.2 -
glibc-2.5-24
glibc-common-2.5
glibc-devel-2.5
glibc-headers-2.5
kernel-headers-2.6.18
ksh-20060214 -
libaio-0.3.106
libaio-devel-0.3.106 -
libgcc-4.1.2
libgomp-4.1.2
libstdc++-4.1.2
libstdc++-devel-4.1.2 -
make-3.81
sysstat-7.0.2
unixODBC-2.2.11 -
unixODBC-devel-2.2.11 -
修改 /etc/sysctl.conf 文件，加上如下參數(shù)
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
為使上述配置生效而不重啟系統(tǒng)，執(zhí)行如下命令
# /sbin/sysctl -p
修改用戶限制
root用戶：修改 /etc/security/limits.conf 文件，加上下面的參數(shù)
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
修改用戶驗(yàn)證選項(xiàng)
root用戶下：修改/etc/pam.d/login文件加上如下參數(shù)
session required pam_limits.so
修改用戶配置文件
root用戶下：修改/etc/profile文件加入如下參數(shù)：
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
修改oracle用戶bash_profile：
$ vi .bash_profile
增加如下內(nèi)容，主要是修改
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12.1.0/db_1
export ORACLE_SID=hxw168
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH:$HOME/bin
安裝oracle:
安裝oracle無法使用命令/usr/bin/xdpyinfo自動(dòng)檢查顯示器顏色：
[root@oracle /]# xdpyinfo | grep "name of display"
name of display: :1.0
[root@oracle /]#
在Oracle用戶下執(zhí)行命令：
export DISPLAY=:1.0 （上面name of display:后面的 :1.0）
prvf-0002:無法檢索本地節(jié)點(diǎn)名
host文件 ip與名稱對(duì)應(yīng)
192.168.198.188 oracle
SQL> create user admin identified by zerostudy;
create user admin identified by zerostudy
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-65096: invalid common user or role name
SQL> !oerr ora 65096
65096, 00000, "invalid common user or role name"
// *Cause: An attempt was made to create a common user or role with a name
// that wass not valid for common users or roles. In addition to
// the usual rules for user and role names, common user and role
// names must start with C## or c## and consist only of ASCII
// characters.
// *Action: Specify a valid common user or role name.
//
解決方法：https://www.jb51.net/article/92720.htm
調(diào)整虛擬機(jī)的內(nèi)存到600多M(原來1G多)，啟動(dòng)oracle時(shí)提示：
SQL> startup
ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system
SQL> !oerr ora 00854
00854, 00000, "ASM IOServer Instance Fence monitor process terminated."
// *Cause: The ASM IOServer Fence monitor process died.
// *Action: Warm start the instance.
原因就是Linux系統(tǒng)的shm的大小比SGA設(shè)置的小造成的。
可以調(diào)整shm的大小:
vi /etc/fstab
修改如下行的設(shè)置
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
改成
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,size=6G 0 0
重新mount下shm使其生效
mount -o remount /dev/shm
TNS-12514: TNS:listener does not currently know of service requested in connect descriptor
需要更改listener.ora文件（跟徑在$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin），然后重啟lsnrctl
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
#LISTENER =
# (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
# (DESCRIPTION =
# (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
# (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.198.188)(PORT = 1521))
# )
# )
hxw168 =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.198.188)(PORT = 1521))
)
)
SID_LIST_hxw168=
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC=
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/product/12.1.0/db_1)
(SID_NAME = hxw168)
)
)
oracle簡單的啟動(dòng)腳本：
[root@oracle ~]# cat /etc/init.d/oracle
su - oracle EOF
lsnrctl start
sqlplus / as sysdba
startup
EOF
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